不定式的特殊用法探析

不定式的用法相对多样且复杂，较多学生对于疑问词+不定式的用法不甚了解。现在将其功能和用法介绍一下，且配上写作示范。该结构在句子中具有充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语的功能。

1.作主语，相当于一个名词短语，后面的谓语动词用单数。

How to avoid biting off more than you can chew is awareness we should gain in our life. 要有一种意识，即我们在生活中如何避免一蹴而就。

When to pass the law has not been decided.

何时通过法律还没有确定。

2.用作宾语，还可以用于双宾语或介词后面的宾语。

I don’t know what to do about the work.

我不知道怎么应对这个工作。(宾语)

I can tell you where to purchase this book about the western culture.

我可以告诉你在哪里可以买到这本关于西方文化的书。(双宾语)

In one of his books, the writer gave some advice on how to have a good mastery of interpersonal skills.(介词后面的宾语)

在他的其中一本书中，作者提出了一些关于怎么很好的掌握沟通技能的建议。

3.作表语

The question was how to breach the enemy defenses.

问题在于如何突破敌人的防线。

Our difficult was how to improve environment.

我们的困难在于怎么改善环境。

4. 同位语

Countless city dwellers are faced with the pressing issue---how to alleviate the traffic congestion.

无数的城市居民都面临着迫在眉睫的问题---怎么缓解交通堵塞。

5.写作示范：

1.如何有效的安排时间是很多上班族必须掌握的生活智慧。

Numerous office workers must have life wisdom about how to budget time effectively.

2. 现在的职业妇女压力很大，即怎样平衡好工作和对家庭的奉献。

Today’s career women find themselves under enormous pressure----how to juggle the job and family commitments.