托福阅读推论题难在“思维处理”

　托福阅读推论题考查考生对于文章细节的更深一层理解，相对于托福阅读细节题来讲，需要考生根据原文经

过自己的思维判断得到答案。它属于理解性题目，是托福阅读中比较难的题型。这类题型应该如何把握才好

呢？接下来小编为大家分析。

　　推论题的提问方式有以下几种：

　　According to paragraph … , what do Y indicate about X?

　　It can be inferred from the passage that the author most likely believes which of the following about the X?

　　What does the author imply by saying “XXX”?

　　Which of the following reasons is suggested in paragraph 2 for X?

　　所以题干中的infer、indicate、imply、suggest这些词就是我们判断题型的关键词。

　　这类题目有难度，是因为考生往往在回答词汇题或者事实信息题时，只要定位到原文，基本上就看到了正

确选项。但是推论题及时定位到原文，大家还是找不到任何可以直接选择的证据。还需要大家的思维处理过

程。

　　举例：　　Paragraph 2: Speculation on the origin of these Pacific islanders began as soon as outsiders encountered them, in the absence of solid linguistic, archaeological, and biological data, many fanciful and mutually exclusive theories were devised. Pacific islanders are variously thought to have come from North America, South America, Egypt, Israel, and India, as well as Southeast Asia. Many older theories implicitly deprecated the navigational abilities and overall cultural creativity of the Pacific islanders. For example, British anthropologists G. Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry assumed that only Egyptians would have been skilled enough to navigate and colonize the Pacific. They inferred that the Egyptians even crossed the Pacific to found the great civilizations of the New World (North and South America). In 1947 Norwegian adventurer Thor Heyerdahl drifted on a balsa-log raft westward with the winds and currents across the Pacific from South America to prove his theory that Pacific islanders were Native Americans (also called American Indians). Later Heyerdahl suggested that the Pacific was peopled by three migrations: by Native Americans from the Pacific Northwest of North America drifting to Hawaii, by Peruvians drifting to Easter Island, and by Melanesians. In 1969 he crossed the Atlantic in an Egyptian-style reed boat to prove Egyptian influences in the Americas. Contrary to these theorists, the overwhelming evidence of physical anthropology, linguistics, and archaeology shows that the Pacific islanders came from Southeast Asia and were skilled enough as navigators to sail against the prevailing winds and currents.　　5. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about early theories of where the first inhabitants of the Pacific islands came from?

　　○ They were generally based on solid evidence.

○ They tried to account for the origin of the characteristic features of the languages spoken by Pacific islanders.

○ They assumed that the peoples living in Southeast Asia did not have the skills needed to sail to the Pacific islands.

　　○ They questioned the ideas of G. Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry.

　　解析：以early (older) theories定位至

Many older theories implicitly deprecated the navigational abilities and overall cultural creativ

ity of the Pacific islanders. For example, British anthropologists G. Elliot Smith and W. J. Perr

y assumed that only Egyptians would have been skilled enough to navigate and colonize the Pacific

.，说早期的理论认为那些岛民的航海能力不行，紧接着给出例子，只有埃及人才有能力航行到并且占领这些

岛，所以逆推到不是埃及人就不会做到。看选项，C选项，东南亚人没那个技术航线到这些岛上，正确;原文说

没证据，所以A反了;B和D都没提到。

　　举例2：

　　Paragraph 1: Groundwater is the word used to describe water that saturates the ground, filling al

l the available spaces. By far the most abundant type of groundwater is meteoric water; this is t

he groundwater that circulates as part of the water cycle. Ordinary meteoric water is water that

has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes an

d streams. There it remains, sometimes for long periods, before emerging at the surface again. At

first thought it seems incredible that there can be enough space in the “solid” ground underfo

ot to hold all this water.

　　1. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about the ground that we walk on?

　　○It cannot hold rainwater for long periods of time.

　　○It prevents most groundwater from circulating.

　　○It has the capacity to store large amounts of water.

　　○It absorbs most of the water it contains from rivers.

　　解析：根据题目the ground that we walk on定位

到 At first thought it seems incredible that there can be enough space in the “solid” ground un

derfoot to hold all this water.据此，我们可以思维正向延伸到其实，地下是可以存留足够的水的，看选

项：A反义，错误。B非定位内容，排除，C与推理一致，D也不是可以定位后得到的信息，排除。

　　以上就是小编带来的托福阅读推论题的思维处理介绍。托福阅读推论题尽管稍有难度，但是相对于其他题

目，更有趣一些。希望大家可以在练习中掌握题型解决方法。