烤鸭们，在漫长的雅思备考道路上，你们是否时常感到手足无措？你们是否偶尔觉得身心俱疲？你们是否每每看到口语题目就眉头紧锁，头脑一片空白？
那我给你们打开第一把伞，陪你们走过备考路上的阴雨天吧！这把伞名字叫做“上下义词”！
1
什么是上下义词？
简单来说，上义词是具有概括性，统筹某一类词语的词，就是雨伞的伞面！下义词则是伞面下被遮挡的词语！撑开这把伞，这些词语就会一一展现！
例如，music就是一个高度概括的上义词，容易让人们想起各种音乐类型 genres! music包含了pop music, jazz music, classical music, rock music等下义词，这都是我们谈论music的时候可能需要用到的词汇和细节。
以Part 1小问为例
What kinds of music do you like the best?
你可以先概括出来all kinds of, many等，然后挑出你认为容易扩展的下义词如jazz music, pop music等去阐述。
Sample answer: Honestly, I usually listen to all kinds of music ranging from pop music to classical music, so it’s hard for me to pick a favourite type. But if I had to, it would be pop music cos it has got beautiful melodies and catchy lyrics that relate to us.
再以经典的color话题为例
What’s your favourite color?
当我们谈论color的时候，脑海里会浮现一些关于颜色的概念或者单词，如蓝色、红色、白色等，那么我们就可以先抽象概括，再选择与自己的词汇量和生活细节接近的color去扩展！
Sample answer:
Well, there are many colors that I like such as red, blue, brown, to name only a few. But i think my favourite color of all time would be blue. For example, I have always worn t-shirt or jeans in blue. Also, this color reminds me of sea and sky, which are what I like the most in the nature.
2
第二把伞是什么
这把伞如同一棵树，开枝散叶，扩散出不同的细节，对应了Wh-疑问词，如what, when, where, who, why, which, how, how often等。
再以music 为例，我们知道了上文提到的上下义词，那从music的枝叶来说，就有如下每个种类的区分：
E.g.: Jazz music有其jazzy style, vibrant and variant notes等
Rock music有对应的beat, rhythm, style等
Pop music有自己独特的pace, lyrics, melodies等
从wh-方面“开枝散叶”
What——melodies旋律， notes音符， lyrics歌词，beats节拍， drums古典， meaning意义， feeling感情；
Why——release the stress减压，calm down淡定， get momentary peace获得片刻的宁静，
escape from everyday stress for a while 暂时逃离每日压力；
When——commute between work and home, on my way home/to the workplace上下班，before tucking in睡前， when I feel down感到失落，when I am in a low mood心情很差；
Who——alone, singer, idol, a fan of ；
How often——on a daily basis, every single day, almost every day每天， on weekends周末， in my free time闲暇时；
How you feel——feel relaxed放松， be overwhelmed with stress 压力很大，suffer from a lack of confidence缺乏自信， during the trying time在艰难的时光，at my lows在我低潮的时候。
现在来看下如何回答music这道题吧??
Do a lot of people like music
Sample answer: I suppose so. Music has always been an essential part of our daily routine. I mean, we listen to different types of music such as pop music, jazz or rock music, and something like that every day, either to relax our minds when we feel tired or escape from everyday stress for a short while.
Do you think music education is important for children?
Sample answer: Definitely. Children can learn a great deal from music. For example, when they take the courses in musical instruments, they can master the necessary skill to play an instrument like piano, or violin, which can be a plus point for them in the future when they’re applying for university or a job in that area. And when they learn to sing beautiful songs that are taught in the class, they might also realize that these songs actually help to lower their stress level.
追问Why?
Sample answer:
I mean, when they are in a low mood or suffer from anxiety, they can sing the songs they like out loud, at the top of their lungs. When they sing, those negative feelings subside or just lift from their chest.
今天的分享就到这了，希望大家好好掌握这两个方法，打开这两把伞，让它们给你的屠鸭之旅保驾护航吧！详情咨询老师即可~
