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GRE阅读真题:“美国政治投票中的性别差异”GRE,全称Graduate Record Examination,中文名称为美国研究生入学考试,适用于除法律与商业外的各专业,由美国教育考试服务处(Educational Testing Service,简称ETS)主办。
美国即将迎来四年一度的总统大选选举日。在谜底揭晓之前,让我们先来看一篇关于美国政治投票的GRE文章真题还原。
整篇文章结构比较简单,题目难度也不大。比较适合初学者体会GRE文章。快来做做看吧~
Recent studies of the gender gap in the history of United States policies tend to focus on candidate choice rather than on registration and turnout.(最近,在研究美国政策历史上性别差异时,会倾向于关注候选人的选择,而不是投票注册情况或出席率。Note:开篇就讲“recent”,可预测后文应详细论证/ 解释该观点。) This shift in focus from gender inequality in political participation may be due to the finding in several studies of voting behavior in the United States that since 1980, differences in rates of registration and voting between men and women are not statistically significant after controlling for traditional predictors of participation. (政治参与中性别不平等的焦点转移可能是由于几项关于美国投票行为的研究,研究发现,自1980年以来,男性和女性之间的投票注册情况和投票率差距在统计上并不显著,在控制了传统预测因素之后。Note:解释第一句话所描述的情况。无需深究,知道其作用即可。)However, Fullerton and Stern argue that researchers have overlooked the substantial gender gap in registration and voting in the South. (然而, Fullerton 和 Stern认为,研究人员忽略了南部地区在投票注册情况和投票率方面显著的性别差异。Note:态度变化,反驳前文。)While the gender gap in participation virtually disappeared outside the South by the 1950s, substantial gender differences persisted in the South throughout the 1950s and 1960s, only beginning to decline in 1970s. (尽管在1950年代之前,南部以外地区在投票参与度方面的性别差异已经几乎消失,但从1950到1960年代,南部地区还存在明显的性别差异。Note:支持前句,用数据体现南部的确存在性别差异。)
1. Select the sentence in the passage that offers a possible explanation for a trend.
答案:全文第二句。
解析:题干中“a trend”对应原文第一句话。但题干主要在问“possible explanation”在哪,可对应原文第二句中due to后的内容。选句子是考试中的小题型,一般难度不会太大。大家平时练习时注意文章句子结构,不熟悉的时候可以画框架图。
2. According to the passage, which of the following is true about recent studies of the gender gap in the United States politics?
A. They accurately depict voter preference in the South prior to 1980.
B. They have been unduly influenced by changes in voter preferences.
C. They fail to recognize important factors affecting levels of voter participation.
D. They do not pay sufficient attention to the effect regional differences have on voter preference.
E. They are more concerned with the choices that male and female voters make than with the frequency with which they vote.
答案:E
解析:通过题干“recent”可定位至第一句话。即研究会侧重于关注男女在候选人的选择上的差异,而非参与度,对应E。值得注意的是,这道题原文对应句子只对研究内容的转变进行客观描述,并没有对研究本身进行任何主观评判。
A选项“accurately depict”是正面信息;
而B选贤“have been unduly influenced”
C选项“fail to recognize”
D选项“do not pay sufficient attention”
均体现负面信息,他们都不符合原文中性的描述,故错误。从这道题可以很明显的看出抓选项关键信息的重要性,找准选项核心可以帮我们快速地排除错误选项。大家在完成细节题的时候,一定要注意选项里信息的正负性。
全国拥有119个分校,351个学习中心,每年培训学员达60万人次,4所容纳千人的环球国际封闭…[详情]